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- 10:33, 31 July 2024 Organocapture (hist | edit) [1,151 bytes] Richert (talk | contribs) (Created page with " '''Organocapture''' When small organic molecules, rather than transition metal complexes, enzymes or mere acids/bases, catalyze a reaction, the term "organocatalysis" is used. Sometimes the "catalyst" increases the yield of a reaction without accelerating the reaction leading to the desired product by reducing the rate of competing reactions more than that of the desired reaction. When this happens and a covalent intermediate is involved, the term "organocapture" may...") Tag: Visual edit
- 09:11, 30 July 2024 Aptamers (hist | edit) [1,049 bytes] Richert (talk | contribs) (Created page with " '''Aptamers''' Aptamers are single-stranded RNA or DNA molecules that can fold and bind target structures with high affinity and a specificity comparable to that of antibodies. They are identified by selection from libraries of sequences. '''Selected References''' A. D. Ellington, J. W. Szostak, In vitro selection of RNA molecules that bind specific ligands. ''Nature'' '''1990''', ''346'', 818-822. D. Irvine, C. Tuerk, L. Gold, Selexion - Systematic evolution...") Tag: Visual edit
- 12:51, 26 July 2024 Prebiotic Chemistry (hist | edit) [1,565 bytes] Richert (talk | contribs) (Created page with " '''Prebiotic Chemistry''' The field of prebiotic chemistry studies chemical processes that may have contributed to the molecular origin of life on planet Earth. The focus is on processes that may have occurred prior to the beginning of biological evolution. A number of hypotheses exist on how molecular evolution may have occurred. '''Selected References''' R. Lohrmann, L.E.Orgel, Prebiotic activation processes. ''Nature''. '''1973''', ''244'', 418-420. S.A. B...") Tag: Visual edit
- 09:44, 23 July 2024 Solution-Phase Oligonucleotide Synthesis (hist | edit) [2,042 bytes] Richert (talk | contribs) (Created page with " '''Solution-Phase Oligonucleotide Synthesis''' By far the most common way of synthesizing oligonucleotides is solid-phase synthesis. Solution-phase synthesis methods do exist, however. For example, before solid supports for the immobilization of the first nucleoside (and subsequent nucleotides during chain assembly) became available, oligonucleotides were prepared in solution. Perhaps the best-known example of this early work is Khorana's synthesis of tRNA genes. Rec...") Tag: Visual edit
- 12:45, 9 July 2024 Neighbor Exclusion Principle (hist | edit) [836 bytes] Richert (talk | contribs) (Created page with " '''Neighbor Exclusion Principle''' The neighbor exclusion principle of classical intercalation says that between intercalation sites in a duplex one site must remain free. In other words, only every other intercalation site is occupied when classical intercalators bind to duplexes. There are numerous exceptions to this principle. '''References''' C. Robledo-Luiggi, W.D. Wilson, E. Pares, M. Vera, C.S. Martinez, D. Santiago, Partial intercalation with DNA of pept...") Tag: Visual edit
- 19:16, 6 July 2024 Isostable DNA Duplexes (hist | edit) [1,764 bytes] Richert (talk | contribs) (Created page with " '''Isostable DNA Duplexes''' The stability of DNA duplexes depends strongly on the sequence. Because G:C base pairs are considerably more stable than A:T base pairs, the G:C content determines how high a temperature is required for dissociation of the strands forming a duplex. The higher the G:C content, the greater the thermal stability. The sequence dependence of the stability makes it difficult to detect A/T-rich sequences in a genomic context, e.g. in diagnostic...") Tag: Visual edit
- 12:26, 4 July 2024 Branched Oligonucleotide Hybrids (hist | edit) [2,634 bytes] Richert (talk | contribs) (Created page with " '''Branched Oligonucleotide Hybrids''' One of the non-biological applications for DNA is nanostructuring. Because oligo- and polynucleotides engage in predictable base pairing interactions, designed three-dimensional structures can be generated, based on the hybridization and folding of such strands. A wide array of structures on the scale of nanometers have been created using unmodified DNA. For applications in material sciences, branched oligonucleotides are being s...") Tag: Visual edit
- 11:01, 4 July 2024 Chemical Primer Extension (hist | edit) [1,794 bytes] Richert (talk | contribs) (Created page with " '''Chemical Primer Extension''' The copying of genetic information usually occurs via enzymatically catalyzed elongation of a short oligonucleotide, dubbed 'primer' that binds to the template. The enzymes that catalyze primer extension are called 'polymerases', and their substrates are usually nucleoside triphosphates (NTPs or dNTPs). The best-known application that utilizes enzymatically catalyzed primer extension is the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which was in...") Tag: Visual edit
- 15:28, 30 June 2024 UV-Melting Curves (hist | edit) [2,359 bytes] Richert (talk | contribs) (Created page with " '''UV-Melting Points''' One traditional method to determine the stability of DNA or RNA duplexes is to heat an aqueous solution of the duplex in question and observing the change in the UV absorption of the solution as the temperature increases. Upon dissociation of the duplex, the base stacking is lost, so that the UV absorption increases. Plotting the UV absorption against the temperature then yields a so-called melting curve. The temperature at which half of the d...") Tag: Visual edit
- 06:58, 25 June 2024 History of Nucleic Acid Chemistry (hist | edit) [4,236 bytes] Richert (talk | contribs) (Created page with " '''The History of Nucleic Acid Chemistry''' '''Milestones''' ''Isolation of DNA'' The person credited with being the first to isolate DNA was the Swiss physician Friedrich Miescher. He called the biochemical substance rich in phosphorus "nuclein". The initial work is dated as having occurred in early 1869.<sup>[1]</sup> Miescher worked at the University of Tübingen at the time, and did not know what the function of nuclein was. '''References''' [1] R. Dah...") Tag: Visual edit
- 09:14, 24 June 2024 Vorbrüggen Base Introduction Reaction (hist | edit) [1,125 bytes] Richert (talk | contribs) (Created page with " '''Vorbrüggen Base Introduction Reaction''' The Vorbrüggen method is perhaps the most important method for linking the base to the sugar in the synthesis of nucleosides. It is named after Helmut Vorbrüggen, an industrial chemist at Schering, Berlin, who worked meticulously on optimizing the reaction conditions, building on a substantial body of work in the earlier literature. The method uses a peracylated glycosyl donor, a silylated base, and a mild Lewis acid, ty...") Tag: Visual edit
- 07:10, 23 June 2024 Quinolone DNA complexes (hist | edit) [1,103 bytes] Richert (talk | contribs) (Created page with " '''Complexes of Quinolone Antibiotics and DNA''' Quinolone antibiotics are widely used in the clinic. They inhibit the re-sealing of the DNA after cleavage by a gyrase, thus turning a topoisomerase into a nuclease. Three-dimensional structures of covalent quinolone-DNA complexes have been elucidated by NMR and restrained molecular dynamics. '''References''' a) J. Tuma, W. H. Connors, D. H. Stitelman, C. Richert, On the Effect of Covalently Appended Quinolones on...") Tag: Visual edit
- 07:03, 23 June 2024 Quantitative MALDI-TOF MS of Oligonucleotides (hist | edit) [2,978 bytes] Richert (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Quantitative MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry of Oligonucleotides''' The acronym MALDI-TOF MS stands for Matrix-Assisted Laser-Desorption-Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. This type of mass spectrometry was invented by Franz Hillenkamp and Michael Karas at the University of Münster. The advantage of MALDI MS is that it gives a sharp, predictable signal for a biomacromolecule, with great sensitivity and robustness to assay components like buffers. One disad...") Tag: Visual edit
- 15:46, 19 June 2024 Antisense Oligonucleotides (hist | edit) [834 bytes] Richert (talk | contribs) (Created page with " '''Antisense Oligonucleotides''' Oligodeoxynucleotides that block translation of specific mRNAs by hybridizing to complementary sequences are called antisense oligonucleotides. They are one class of therapeutic oligonucleotides. '''Seminal Papers''' (a) Zamecnik, P. C.; Stephenson, M. L., Inhibition of Rous sarcoma virus replication and cell transformation by a specific oligodeoxynucleotide. ''Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.'' '''1978''', ''75'', 280-284. (b) Ste...") Tag: Visual edit
- 14:54, 16 June 2024 C-Nucleosides (hist | edit) [1,280 bytes] Richert (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''''C''-Nucleosides''' In ''C''-nucleosides, a carbon-carbon bond links the nucleobase (or nucleobase analog) to the sugar. This is in contrast to canonical nucleosides, where a nitrogen atom links the base to the ribose or 2'-deoxyribose. The best-known natural ''C''-nucleoside is pseudouridine. Several therapeutic nucleosides (or their prodrug forms used as active pharmaceutical ingredients) are known that are ''C''-nucleosides. Review M. Hocek, ''C''-Nucleoside...") Tag: Visual edit
- 13:57, 16 June 2024 Triplex (hist | edit) [1,553 bytes] Richert (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Triple Helices''' or '''Triplexes''' are formed when a third strand binds to a duplex. Triplex formation is known for DNA and RNA. The third strand may bind via Hoogsteen or reverse Hoogsteen base pairing. Classical Paper Felsenfeld, G.; Rich, A. Studies on the formation of two- and three-stranded polyribonucleotides. ''Biochim. Biophys. Acta.'' '''1957''', ''26'', 457-68. Review Thuong, N.T.; Hélène, C. Sequence-specific recognition and modification of dou...") Tag: Visual edit
- 13:36, 14 June 2024 DNG-Doktorandenseminar (hist | edit) [719 bytes] Richert (talk | contribs) (Created page with " The Graduate School Symposia of the DNG, with presentations by graduate students and invited experts, were formerly known as "DNG-Doktorandenseminare" and are now known as "DNG Graduate Schools". The following is a list of the meetings. The venue is Bad Herrenalb in Baden-Württemberg, in the Northern part of the Black Forest. VII. Doktorandenseminar Nucleinsäurechemie 19.-20.09.2024 VI. Doktorandenseminar Nucleinsäurechemie 03. - 04.10.2022 V. Doktorandenseminar...")
- 13:28, 14 June 2024 Nucleinsäurechemietreffen (hist | edit) [702 bytes] Richert (talk | contribs) (Created page with " The symposia of the DNG with formal talks by PIs are called Nucleinsäurechemietreffen. The following Nucleinsäurechemietreffen have taken place so far. XI. Nucleinsäurechemietreffen 2023 (Würzburg) X. Nucleinsäurechemietreffen 2021 (Bad Herrenalb) IX. Nucleinsäurechemietreffen 2019 (Saarbrücken) VIII. Nucleinsäurechemietreffen 2017 (Mainz) VII. Nucleinsäurechemietreffen 2015 (Berlin) VI. Nucleinsäurechemietreffen 2013 (Greifswald) V. Nucleinsäureche...")
- 13:00, 14 June 2024 DNG (hist | edit) [221 bytes] Richert (talk | contribs) (Created page with " Deutsche Nucleinsäurechemiegemeinschaft e.V. (DNG) is a scientific society focused on nucleic acid chemistry. The URL of its homepage is: https://dnarna.de")
- 12:51, 14 June 2024 Sandbox (hist | edit) [195 bytes] Richert (talk | contribs) (Created page with " Test message.")
- 14:26, 4 June 2024 Main Page (hist | edit) [2,577 bytes] MediaWiki default (talk | contribs)