Chemical Primer Extension - Revision history

Dragos: Improved formatting.

2024-08-05T10:39:18Z

Improved formatting.

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:39, 5 August 2024
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	== ~~'''~~Chemical Primer Extension~~'''~~ ==		== Chemical Primer Extension ==


	The copying of genetic information usually occurs via enzymatically catalyzed elongation of a short oligonucleotide, dubbed 'primer' that binds to the template. The enzymes that catalyze primer extension are called 'polymerases', and their substrates are usually nucleoside triphosphates (NTPs or dNTPs). The best-known application that utilizes enzymatically catalyzed primer extension is the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which was invented by Mullis. It is less well known that primer extension can also be induced in the absence of enzymes, solely based on molecular recognition of activated nucleotides and the template-primer duplex. This version of the reaction is called enzyme-free or 'chemical primer reaction'. It is relevant for the origin of life and can be used for SNP genotyping.		The copying of genetic information usually occurs via enzymatically catalyzed elongation of a short oligonucleotide, dubbed 'primer' that binds to the template. The enzymes that catalyze primer extension are called 'polymerases', and their substrates are usually nucleoside triphosphates (NTPs or dNTPs). The best-known application that utilizes enzymatically catalyzed primer extension is the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which was invented by Mullis. It is less well known that primer extension can also be induced in the absence of enzymes, solely based on molecular recognition of activated nucleotides and the template-primer duplex. This version of the reaction is called enzyme-free or 'chemical primer reaction'. It is relevant for the origin of life and can be used for SNP genotyping.

	== ~~'''~~References~~'''~~ ==		== References ==

	=== ''PCR'' ===		=== PCR ===
	[1] K. B. Mullis, The polymerase chain reaction (Nobel Lecture). ''Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.'' '''1994''', ''33'', 1209-1213. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.199412091		[1] K. B. Mullis, The polymerase chain reaction (Nobel Lecture). ''Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.'' '''1994''', ''33'', 1209-1213. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.199412091

	=== ''Chemical Primer Extension'' ===		=== Chemical Primer Extension ===
	[2] M. Zielinski, I. A. Kozlov, L. E. Orgel, A comparison of RNA with DNA in template-directed synthesis. ''Helv. Chim. Acta'' '''2000''', ''83'', 1678-1684. https://doi.org/10.1002/1522-2675(20000809)83:8%3C1678::AID-HLCA1678%3E3.0.CO;2-P		[2] M. Zielinski, I. A. Kozlov, L. E. Orgel, A comparison of RNA with DNA in template-directed synthesis. ''Helv. Chim. Acta'' '''2000''', ''83'', 1678-1684. https://doi.org/10.1002/1522-2675(20000809)83:8%3C1678::AID-HLCA1678%3E3.0.CO;2-P

Dragos: Cleaned up the page formatting, redid the numbering of the references and added links to the cited papers.

2024-08-05T10:13:31Z

Cleaned up the page formatting, redid the numbering of the references and added links to the cited papers.

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:13, 5 August 2024
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			== '''Chemical Primer Extension''' ==


	'''~~Chemical Primer Extension~~'''		The copying of genetic information usually occurs via enzymatically catalyzed elongation of a short oligonucleotide, dubbed 'primer' that binds to the template. The enzymes that catalyze primer extension are called 'polymerases', and their substrates are usually nucleoside triphosphates (NTPs or dNTPs). The best-known application that utilizes enzymatically catalyzed primer extension is the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which was invented by Mullis. It is less well known that primer extension can also be induced in the absence of enzymes, solely based on molecular recognition of activated nucleotides and the template-primer duplex. This version of the reaction is called enzyme-free or 'chemical primer reaction'. It is relevant for the origin of life and can be used for SNP genotyping.

			== '''References''' ==

	~~The copying of genetic information usually occurs via enzymatically catalyzed elongation of a short oligonucleotide, dubbed~~ '~~primer~~' ~~that binds to the template. The enzymes that catalyze primer extension are called~~ '~~polymerases~~', ~~and their substrates are usually nucleoside triphosphates (NTPs or dNTPs).~~ The ~~best-known application that utilizes enzymatically catalyzed primer extension is the~~ polymerase chain reaction (~~PCR~~), ~~which was invented by Mullis. It is less well known that primer extension can also be induced in the absence of enzymes~~, ~~solely based on molecular recognition of activated nucleotides and the template~~-~~primer duplex~~. ~~This version of the reaction is called enzyme-free or 'chemical primer reaction'~~. ~~It is relevant for the origin of life and can be used for SNP genotyping~~.		=== ''PCR'' ===
			[1] K. B. Mullis, The polymerase chain reaction (Nobel Lecture). ''Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.'' '''1994''', ''33'', 1209-1213. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.199412091

			=== ''Chemical Primer Extension'' ===
			[2] M. Zielinski, I. A. Kozlov, L. E. Orgel, A comparison of RNA with DNA in template-directed synthesis. ''Helv. Chim. Acta'' '''2000''', ''83'', 1678-1684. https://doi.org/10.1002/1522-2675(20000809)83:8%3C1678::AID-HLCA1678%3E3.0.CO;2-P

	'''~~References~~'''		[3] J. A. Rojas Stütz, E. Kervio, C. Deck, C. Richert, Chemical primer extension - individual steps of spontaneous replication. ''Chem. Biodiv.'' '''2007''', ''4'', 784-802. https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.200790064

			[4] N. Griesang, K. Giessler, T. Lommel, C. Richert, Four color, enzyme-free interrogation of DNA sequences with chemically activated, 3'-fluorophore-labeled nucleotides. ''Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.'' '''2006''', ''45'' , 6144-6148. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200600804
	~~''PCR''~~

	~~K. B. Mullis, The polymerase chain reaction (Nobel Lecture). ''Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.'' '''1994''', ''33'', 1209-1213.~~


	~~''Chemical Primer Extension''~~

	~~a) M. Zielinski, I. A. Kozlov, L. E. Orgel, A comparison of RNA with DNA in template-directed synthesis. ''Helv. Chim. Acta'' '''2000''', ''83'', 1678-1684.~~

	~~b) J. A. Rojas Stütz, E. Kervio, C. Deck, C. Richert, Chemical primer extension - individual steps of spontaneous replication. ''Chem. Biodiv.'' '''2007''', ''~~4~~'', 784-802.~~

	c) N. Griesang, K. Giessler, T. Lommel, C. Richert, Four color, enzyme-free interrogation of DNA sequences with chemically activated, 3'-fluorophore-labeled nucleotides. ''Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.'' '''2006''', ''45'' , 6144-6148.

Richert at 10:01, 4 July 2024

2024-07-04T10:01:42Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:01, 4 July 2024
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	b) J. A. Rojas Stütz, E. Kervio, C. Deck, C. Richert, Chemical primer extension - individual steps of spontaneous replication. ''Chem. Biodiv.'' '''2007''', ''4'', 784-802.		b) J. A. Rojas Stütz, E. Kervio, C. Deck, C. Richert, Chemical primer extension - individual steps of spontaneous replication. ''Chem. Biodiv.'' '''2007''', ''4'', 784-802.

	c) N. Griesang, K. Giessler, T. Lommel, C. Richert, Four color, enzyme-free interrogation of DNA sequences with chemically activated, 3'-fluorophore-labeled nucleotides. ~~''Angew. Chem.'' '''2006''', ''118'', 6290-6294;~~ ''Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.'' '''2006''', ''45'' , 6144-6148.		c) N. Griesang, K. Giessler, T. Lommel, C. Richert, Four color, enzyme-free interrogation of DNA sequences with chemically activated, 3'-fluorophore-labeled nucleotides. ''Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.'' '''2006''', ''45'' , 6144-6148.

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'''Chemical Primer Extension'''

The copying of genetic information usually occurs via enzymatically catalyzed elongation of a short oligonucleotide, dubbed 'primer' that binds to the template. The enzymes that catalyze primer extension are called 'polymerases', and their substrates are usually nucleoside triphosphates (NTPs or dNTPs). The best-known application that utilizes enzymatically catalyzed primer extension is the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which was invented by Mullis. It is less well known that primer extension can also be induced in the absence of enzymes, solely based on molecular recognition of activated nucleotides and the template-primer duplex. This version of the reaction is called enzyme-free or 'chemical primer reaction'. It is relevant for the origin of life and can be used for SNP genotyping.

'''References'''

''PCR''

K. B. Mullis, The polymerase chain reaction (Nobel Lecture). ''Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.'' '''1994''', ''33'', 1209-1213.

''Chemical Primer Extension''

a) M. Zielinski, I. A. Kozlov, L. E. Orgel, A comparison of RNA with DNA in template-directed synthesis. ''Helv. Chim. Acta'' '''2000''', ''83'', 1678-1684.

b) J. A. Rojas Stütz, E. Kervio, C. Deck, C. Richert, Chemical primer extension - individual steps of spontaneous replication. ''Chem. Biodiv.'' '''2007''', ''4'', 784-802.

c) N. Griesang, K. Giessler, T. Lommel, C. Richert, Four color, enzyme-free interrogation of DNA sequences with chemically activated, 3'-fluorophore-labeled nucleotides. ''Angew. Chem.'' '''2006''', ''118'', 6290-6294; ''Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.'' '''2006''', ''45'' , 6144-6148.